The authors have choreographed a must have tool, for freshwater mussel biologists and culturists, that details freshwater mussel ecology, life history, biology, husbandry, and most importantly sustainability. Fmib 39845 typical unio of the mississippi valley type, showing exterior of right valve this is a fullgrown shell, but not an old one, as. References freshwater mussel propagation for restoration. The thickshelled river mussel unio crassus is an endangered freshwater bivalve species with a life cycle that includes an obligate glochidial larval stage that attaches to the gills of freshwater.
He amassed a lot of money and wealth during his lifetime. In fact, he set out on a war against parthia, using his own money, and without the senates official approval. Thermocyclops crassus is much less prevalent in the great lakes than the most similar native copepod species mesocyclops edax. This line was not descended from the wealthy crassi divites, although often assumed to be. Nov 28, 2018 monitoring and restoration of unio crassus philipson, 1788 habitats in switzerland an overview. The case studies use clinical and biomedical research to explore cellular biology principles and data. Crassus was descended from a long line of distinguished senators. He belonged to the last generation of roman nobiles who came of age and began a political career before the collapse of the republic. He spent much of his political career in frustrated rivalry with pompey. Presentations of the 2018 seminar are online life unio. This book is intended primarily for medical students and others who do not necessarily intend to continue the study of botany, but who desire or are obliged to obtain some elementary knowledge of plants, particularly in relation to general biology. Using an approach based on molecular, reproductive and morphological characters, four independent evolutionary lineages represented by the following species were identified in tunisia. Pdf the abundance of unio crassus philipsson 1788 has declined over the last decades.
The thickshelled mussel unio crassus philipsson is a legally protected, endangered species endangered species subject category. Lucius licinius crassus, born 140died 91 bce, lawyer and politician who is usually considered to be one of the two greatest roman orators before cicero, the other being marcus antonius 14387. It was he who finally suppressed the slave revolt led by spartacus. Bieza perlamutrene unio crassus ir gliemene, kas apdzivo upes, seviski to straujtecu posmus. Pdf physiochemical assessment of unio crassus habitat quality in. We studied shell variation in the thickshelled river mussel unio crassus philipson. Department of environmental and life sciences biology. The abundance of unio crassus philipsson 1788 has declined over the last decades. Free plant biology books download ebooks online textbooks.
Some of these hostparasite systems are unique, since the generation time of the parasite. Out of the four largest rivers of the forest, live individuals were found in the bludzia and bledzianka. Currently, thermocyclops crassus are only found at a rate of a few to a few dozen individuals per cubic meter of water, whereas mesocyclops edax is found at approximately 1,000 individuals per cubic meter of water. His vast wealth and sharp political skills brought him two consulships and the kind of influence enjoyed only by a true heavyweight of roman politics. Crassus definition of crassus by the free dictionary. Ecology and evolution of the freshwater mussels unionoida.
The objective of this study was to identify key habitat characteristics in areas with recent recruitment of u. Unionoida naiads are characterized by larvae which have to pass through a parasitic stage on a host fish. Biezas perlamutrenes unio crassus philipsson, 1788 sugas aizsardzibas plans 4 kopsavilkums. His peers included marcus antonius, marcus junius brutus, decimus junius brutus. One of his brothers dying, he married his widow, by whom. Unio is a genus of mediumsized freshwater mussels, aquatic bivalve mollusks in the family unionidae, the river mussels. Physicochemical assessment of unio crassus habitat quality. It produced men who achieved great note in the 2d cent. Effects of eutrophication on unionids springerlink. Mya pictorum linnaeus, 1758 subsequent designation by turton, 1831 25.
Crassus was known as one of the wealthiest men in rome. The strictly protected unio crassus was present at 86% of the sites and. As a biological sciences major, you will find that your classroom, laboratory and close working relationship with our faculty provide a solid foundation for success in graduate and professional schools and in any number of careers, including medicine, biotechnology, veterinary science, dentistry, research science, environmental conservation and. Its nice to see a book about crassus as most books about this period focus on caesar or pompey. International meeting on biology and conservation of freshwater bivalves. Marcus licinius crassus was one of the leading roman businessmen and politicians in the late days of the roman republic. Occurrence and distribution of the endangered freshwater mussels. Marcus licinius crassus crushes the spartacus slave revolt in southern italy. Freshwater mussel propagation for restoration by matthew a. Pdf the identity and biology of unio mancus lamarck, 1819 u. Biology and the african diasporic experience in america.
Scientific council of the institute of biology of latvian academy of sciences. Marcus licinius crassus ancient history encyclopedia. This would make for a good introduction to the life crassus, but doesnt really offer anything more. The populations of the freshwater pearl mussel, margaritifera. Unio crassus cytherea is present in the western river danube, as far east as western lower austria, and unio crassus decurvatus is found in the state of carinthia. Thermocyclops crassus frequently asked questions great. After being informed of the presence of the parthian army, crassus panicked.
To navigate the timeline, click and drag it with your mouse, or click on the timeline overview on the bottom. Publius licinius crassus 86 or 82 bc 53 bc was one of two sons of marcus licinius crassus, the socalled triumvir, and tertulla, daughter of marcus terentius varro lucullus. Ecology of the threatened thickshelled river mussel. To answer these questions, we investigated the gut microbial profile of both sexes of three unio crassus populations, species with unique system of mitochondrial dna inheritance called doubly uniparental inheritance dui, living in different ecological conditions. Wards book is on the life and political impact of marcus licinius crassus during the late republic. The thickshelled river mussel unio crassus in romincka. He was the second of three sons born to the eminent senator and vir triumphalis publius licinius crassus dives consul 97, censor 89 bc. Marcus licinius crassus was a member of the gens licinia, an old and highly respected plebeian family in rome. Crassus arranged to govern the roman province of syria, with the transparent intention of going to war with parthia. Journal of zoological systematics and evolutionary research, doi.
It contains a uniaxial central axis with large cylindrical cells. The fact that they can filtrate huge amounts of water, burrow into the sedi ment, actively swim, drill holes into rocks and boats or detect shadows with the aid. Engel h, wachtler k 1989 some peculiarities in developmental biology of two forms of the freshwater bivalve unio crassus in northern germany. Marcus licinius crassus, better known as crassus, was born in 115 b. He played a key role in the transformation of the roman republic into the roman empire. Integrative taxonomy, biogeography and conservation of. One of the wellknown members was lucius licinius crassus, d. Ecology of the threatened thickshelled river mussel unio crassus. Roman politician and general who joined julius caesar and pompey in the first triumvirate to challenge the senates power. Having last seen success on the battlefield against spartacus nearly 20 years prior, crassus took syria as his province for 54 bc, with the full intention of attacking the parthian empire. Unio crassus philipsson 1788 with focus on musselhost interactions lea dominique schneider department of biology introductory paper no.
Department of evolutionary biology, kazimierz wielki university, bydgoszcz, poland. Marcus crassus, whose father had borne the office of a censor, and received the honour of a triumph, was educated in a little house together with his two brothers, who both married in their parents lifetime. All those who think that bivalves are boring are in the best company. Unio crassus, the thick shelled river mussel, is a species of freshwater mussel, an aquatic bivalve mollusk in the family unionidae, the river mussels. Pdf the populations of the freshwater pearl mussel. The identity and biology of unio mancus lamarck, 1819 u. Annual zoological congress of grigore antipa museum book of abstracts.
He wasnt just wealthy, though hes believed to be the. Crassus simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Biological conservation vol 159, pages 1554 march 20. The images and figures in the book are excellent quality and give the reader thorough text and imagery. Marcus licinius crassus 11553 bce was perhaps the richest man in roman history and in his eventful life he experienced both great successes and severe disappointments. Schneider department of biology karlstad university introductory paper no.
Evaluating temperature and hostdependent reproduction in the parasitic freshwater mussel unio crassus. Some of these hostparasite systems are unique, since the generation time of the parasite exceeds that of its host by a factor of ten. University of bucharest faculty of biology, department of biochemistry and molecular biology murariu d. Unio crassus thick shelled river mussel iucn red list.
Their lifecycle involves a parasitic larval phase on a suitable host fish before a subsequent metamorphosis into a juvenile stage. Biology and the african diaspora in america takes a biological and historical look at topics including evolution of skin pigmentation, and the influence biology has had on the concept of race. Marcus licinius crassus is best remembered by history as the third member of the first triumvirate along with caesar and pompey. Unio crassus philipsson, 1788 thick shelled river mussel near threatened. Crassus synonyms, crassus pronunciation, crassus translation, english dictionary definition of crassus. This unique lifehistory trait as well as the sessile adult life make freshwater mussels highly dependent on the prevailing conditions of the surrounding environment. Local conservation of freshwater mussels and the practical effects of species protection. Crassus article about crassus by the free dictionary. Despite the high conservation status of this species, knowledge on its ecological requirements is scarce. Freshwater mussels of the order unionoidea are among the most threatened biota worldwide. The propagation environment, biology of plants, development of seeds, seed selection, seed production and handling, principles of propagation from seeds, techniques of propagation by seeds and cuttings, principles of grafting and budding, techniques of grafting, propagation by specialized stems and roots, principles and practices of. Book of abstracts euromal 2014 the 7th congress of.
The third servile war began with three defeats of roman armies against spartacus and his followers. Crassus was indeed a leading figure in the final days of the roman republic who played a key role in transforming history. Grigore antipa national museum of natural history, bucharest, romania. As this is a very wellstudied region of the world, many generations of academics have noted an unusual, seemingly inexplicable behavior undertaken by these mussels at certain times of year. This seemed to be more of an undergraduate essay than a book, and not a great source of information in terms of the objectives it lays out for itself. What can we infer from the shell dimensions of the thickshelled river. This paper reports on its previously unknown localities in romincka forest ne. Unio is a genus of mediumsized freshwater mussels, aquatic bivalve mollusks in the family unionidae, the river mussels unio is the type genus of the family unionidae species.
Biezas perlamutrenes unio crassus sugas aizsardzibas plans. A further special form is the thick shelled unio crassus maximus, which might possibly be another subspecies, originally described from denmark, but also present in schleswig. Crassus was a venerated member of the roman nobilitas who was always a behindthescenes power broker in rome and never really in agreement with his fellow patricians. Nov 27, 2016 fmib 39845 typical unio of the mississippi valley type, showing exterior of right valve this is a fullgrown shell, but not an old one, as. Department of evolutionary biology, kazimierz wielki university, al. In this study, hydrological and substrate parameters including shear stress, flow velocity and penetration resistance of substrate were examined in relation to mussel presenceabsence data in six streams with recruiting. The revolt was finally destroyed by the concentrated military effort. He was a strict follower of constitutional forms, and he and scaevola as consuls in 95 b. However, information herein can be obtained from a comprehensive book recently published by. Teixeira biology and conservation of freshwater bivalves. After serving his joint consulship with pompey in 55 bc, crassus was eager to emulate his triumvir partners with military glory. Hydrological and substrate requirements of the thick.
Biology and conservation of freshwater bivalves in braganca 2012 suggested substituting the term. The naiad species unio crassus philipsson, 1788 figs. The thick shelled river mussel is included in the red data book of latvia published in 1998 and appendixes ii and iv of the directive 9243eec. The thickshelled mussel unio crassus philipsson is a legally protected, endangered species.
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